ARCHETYPE Visual acuity test result (openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.visual_acuity.v0)

Name: Visual acuity test result
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

ARCHETYPE ID	openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.visual_acuity.v0
Concept	Visual acuity test result
Description	Visual acuity is a measure of the spatial resolution of the visual processing system.
Use	Use to record the results of measurement of visual acuity, for both near and distance testing. The 'Clinical Description' data element can be used to record simple narrative summary or as a means to integrate legacy data. Detailed, structured visual acuity results are preferred and are generally recorded for each eye in turn. Visual acuity may be recorded using a number of different notation formats e.g. Snellen, logMar, EDTRS etc. In some settings the visual acuity result, originally captured using one of the standard notations, is converted to a 'Derived Score' capable of algorithmic conversion to the other notations., with details of the original notation and algorithm employed recorded as part of protocol. Where visual acuity is recorded using coded terms such as 'Visual Acuity 6/6' or 'Jaeger score N1', the 'Clinical Interpretation' element should be used, allowing the result to be captured for each eye. 'Overall Interpretation' should be used where the interpretation applies to both eyes or the test result as a whole. The 'Absent Test Result' element may be used to record circumstances where a test could not be performed or completed. Further details may be recorded under 'Confounding Factors' or 'Additional Comment'. When performing visual acuity testing it is customary to record a series of tests sharing a common charting methodology but with different phases of corrective refraction e.g. Unaided, Usual correction, Best corrected visual acuity etc. Each of these phases should be recorded using a separate Entry record, with the name of the test phase carried in 'Test Name'. Further specific details of the exact correction applied (which may involve applying multiple refractions) may be captured in 'Refractive Correction' and 'Refraction Details' the latter making use of separate Cluster archetypes, one for each eye.
Misuse	Where details of methodology carried under protocol change between phases of the visual acuity test, a new Entry must be created at run-time.
Purpose	For recording the results of both near and distance visual acuity testing, normally measured by testing the subject's ability to read a standard test pattern at a defined distance.
References	Visual Acuity [Internet]. Wikipedia. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_acuity Aylward W [Internet].Coding Visual Acuity, openEyes Project;2012.Available from http://www.openeyes.org.uk/documents/OpenEyes%20Coding%20Visual%20Acuity.pdf IHE Eye Care Domain. General Eye Evaluation (GEE) [Internet]. IHE; 2012. Available from: http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE_EyeCare_Supp_GEE_Rev1-1_TI_2012-06-29.pdf Royal College of Opthalmologists. Cataract National Dataset for Adults [Internet]. 2011. Available from: http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/page.asp?section=583&sectionTitle=Cataract+National+Data+Set+for+Adults Laidlaw D a. H, Tailor V, Shah N, Atamian S, Harcourt C. Validation of a computerised logMAR visual acuity measurement system (COMPlog): comparison with ETDRS and the electronic ETDRS testing algorithm in adults and amblyopic children. Br J Ophthalmol [Internet]. 2008 Feb 1 [cited 2012 Sep 26];92(2):241–4. Available from: http://bjo.bmj.com/content/92/2/241 CfH, UK. Do Once & Share - Glaucoma [Internet]. [cited 2012 Sep 26]. Available from: http://www.doasglaucoma.org/ DICOM Supplement 30 [Internet]. [cited 2012 Sep 26]. Available from: http://medical.nema.org/ Chiang MF, Boland MV, Brewer A, Epley KD, Horton MB, Lim MC, et al. Special Requirements for Electronic Health Record Systems in Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2011 Aug [cited 2012 Sep 26];118(8):1681–7. Available from: http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(11)00374-5/abstract Practical Ophthalmology: A Manual for Beginning Residents, 6th Edition [Paperback] American Academy Of Ophthalmology (Author), Fred M. Wilson II (Editor), MD (Editor)
Copyright	© openEHR Foundation
Authors	Author name: Ian McNicoll Organisation: Ocean Informatics, UK Email: ian.mcnicoll@oceaninformatics.com Date originally authored: 2012-07-18
Other Details Language	Author name: Ian McNicoll Organisation: Ocean Informatics, UK Email: ian.mcnicoll@oceaninformatics.com Date originally authored: 2012-07-18
OtherDetails Language Independent	{licence=This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/., custodian_organisation=openEHR Foundation, references=Visual Acuity [Internet]. Wikipedia. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_acuity Aylward W [Internet].Coding Visual Acuity, openEyes Project;2012.Available from http://www.openeyes.org.uk/documents/OpenEyes%20Coding%20Visual%20Acuity.pdf IHE Eye Care Domain. General Eye Evaluation (GEE) [Internet]. IHE; 2012. Available from: http://www.ihe.net/Technical_Framework/upload/IHE_EyeCare_Supp_GEE_Rev1-1_TI_2012-06-29.pdf Royal College of Opthalmologists. Cataract National Dataset for Adults [Internet]. 2011. Available from: http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/page.asp?section=583§ionTitle=Cataract+National+Data+Set+for+Adults Laidlaw D a. H, Tailor V, Shah N, Atamian S, Harcourt C. Validation of a computerised logMAR visual acuity measurement system (COMPlog): comparison with ETDRS and the electronic ETDRS testing algorithm in adults and amblyopic children. Br J Ophthalmol [Internet]. 2008 Feb 1 [cited 2012 Sep 26];92(2):241–4. Available from: http://bjo.bmj.com/content/92/2/241 CfH, UK. Do Once & Share - Glaucoma [Internet]. [cited 2012 Sep 26]. Available from: http://www.doasglaucoma.org/ DICOM Supplement 30 [Internet]. [cited 2012 Sep 26]. Available from: http://medical.nema.org/ Chiang MF, Boland MV, Brewer A, Epley KD, Horton MB, Lim MC, et al. Special Requirements for Electronic Health Record Systems in Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2011 Aug [cited 2012 Sep 26];118(8):1681–7. Available from: http://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(11)00374-5/abstract Practical Ophthalmology: A Manual for Beginning Residents, 6th Edition [Paperback] American Academy Of Ophthalmology (Author), Fred M. Wilson II (Editor), MD (Editor), original_namespace=org.openehr, original_publisher=openEHR Foundation, custodian_namespace=org.openehr, MD5-CAM-1.0.1=93268562DAF70A1ED1D11EC269E6E621, build_uid=0b4e660e-1df1-4391-a65d-22a067845b73, revision=0.0.1-alpha}
Keywords	eye, sight, vision, ophthalmic, visual, refraction
Lifecycle	in_development
UID	93b051f7-c9a6-4728-92aa-13a3af7114d5
Language used	en
Citeable Identifier	1051.32.119
Revision Number	0.0.1-alpha
All	Archetype [runtimeNameConstraintForConceptName=null, archetypeConceptBinding=null, archetypeConceptDescription=Visual acuity is a measure of the spatial resolution of the visual processing system., archetypeConceptComment=null, otherContributors=Bill Aylward, openEyes Project, UK Gustavo Bacelar-Silva, Brazil (Editor) Stephen Chu, NeHTA, Australia Alistair Laidlaw, Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, UK Heather Leslie, Ocean Informatics, Australia Gustavo M Bacelar-Silva, Brazil Mike Mair, Timaru Eye Clinic, New Zealand Ian McNicoll, Ocean Informatics, United Kingdom (Editor), originalLanguage=en, translators=, subjectOfData=unconstrained, archetypeTranslationTree=null, topLevelToAshis={content=[], description=[], details=[], source=[], capabilities=[], other_participations=[], protocol=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0081], code=at0081, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Testing Distance, description=The distance at which the subject's visual acuity was measured., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=C_DV_QUANTITY, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::252124009 \| Test distance (observable entity)], values=Property: Length Units: >=0.0 [ft_i] Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 m Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 cm Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 [in_i] Limit decimal places: 1 , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0023], code=at0023, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Method, description=The charting method used to measure visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0082::logMar chart [A logMar chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0083::Snellen chart [A Snellen chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::400913005 \| Snellen eye chart] at0084::ETDRS chart [An ETDRS chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::400914004 \| Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity chart (physical object)] at0109::Picture chart [A picture chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0096::Reduced logMar [A Reduced logMar chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] at0097::Reduced Snellen [A Reduced Snellen chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0098::Faculty of Ophthalmologists 'N' Score [Faculty of Ophthalmologists 'N' Score chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] at0099::Jaeger 'J' Score [A Jaeger 'J' Score chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0021], code=at0021, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Optotype, description=The style of chart optotype used to assess visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0106::Letter [A letter optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0107::Orientation [An orientation optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0108::Picture [A picture optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0022], code=at0022, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Scoring Algorithm, description=The alogrithm used to determine the score., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0100::Single letter [A single letter algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] at0101::Whole line [A whole line algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] at0102::Last line single letter [A last line single letter algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0025], code=at0025, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Measurement Device Details, description=Details of the device used to measure visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include: openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0092], code=at0092, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Derived Score Original Notation, description=The original visual acuity result notation from which the Derived Score was calculated., comment=When the visual acuity result is recorded using a Derived Score, this element can be used to record the original notation format, so that it can be displayed using the original notation. , uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0009::US Snellen [The distance test result, recorded as Snellen visual acuity expressed in feet, where 20/20 is regarded as normal. Examples: '20/20' , '20/40', '20/18'] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0056::Metric Snellen [The distance test result, recorded in Snellen format expressed in metres, where 6/6 is regarded as normal. Examples: '6/6, '6/12', '6/5'] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0057::Decimal Snellen [The distance test result,recorded as Sn ellen visual acuity expressed as a decimal ratio, where 1.0 is regarded as normal.] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0011::ETDRS Letters [Visual acuity expressed using ETDRS Letters format, with a value of 100 regarded as normal.] at0015::Low Vision Score [Graded scale used when patient has low levels of visual acuity.] at0046::logMar [The test result, recorded as logMar visual acuity, where a value of 0 is regarded as normal.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0117], code=at0117, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Derived Score Algorithm, description=Details of the algorithm used to calculate a derived score., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0143], code=at0143, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Extension, description=Additional information required to capture local content or to align with other reference models/formalisms., comment=For example: local information requirements or additional metadata to align with FHIR or CIMI equivalents., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:* All not explicitly excluded archetypes, extendedValues=null]], provider=[], activities=[], state=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/state[at0041]/items[at0112], code=at0112, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Confounding Factors, description=Patient circumstances which affect interpretation of the result. Often termed 'reliability' in opthalmological documentation., comment=Examples: 'Patient was confused', 'Low light conditions'., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/state[at0041]/items[at0042], code=at0042, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Refractive Correction, description=The specific type(s) of refractive correction applied when measuring visual acuity., comment=Examples: 'No correction : unaided', 'Pinhole'., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0071::Spectacles [The subject's vision was corrected by spectacles.] [SNOMED-CT::50121007 \| Eye glasses, device] at0072::Contact lenses [The subject's vision was corrected by contact lenses.] [SNOMED-CT::57368009 \| Contact lenses, device] at0073::Pinhole [The subject's vision was corrected by use of a pinhole.] at0074::Autorefraction [The subject's vision was corrected by autorefraction.] at0075::Retinoscopy [The subject's vision was corrected by retinoscopy.] [SNOMED-CT::397524001 \| Skiascopy] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/state[at0041]/items[at0080], code=at0080, itemType=SLOT, level=4, text=Refraction Details, description=Details of the refraction applied to each eye., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..2, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include: openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.refraction_details.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/state[at0041]/items[at0124], code=at0124, itemType=SLOT, level=4, text=Pupillary State, description=Details of the state of the pupil on examination., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include: openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.exam_pupils.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null]], events=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134], code=at0134, itemType=EVENT, level=2, text=Any event, description=Default, unspecified point in time or interval event which may be explicitly defined in a template or at run-time., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=EVENT, bindings=null, values=null, extendedValues=null]], ism_transition=[], data=[ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0138], code=at0138, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Test name, description=The name of the exact visual acuity test performed. This generally represents a broad category of applied refraction. Specific refraction details can be described using 'Refractive Correction'., comment=Details of the exact correction applied, or where multiple corrections should be captured via 'Refractive Correction'., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CHOICE, bindings=null, values=Choice of:* Coded Text at0135::Pinhole visual acuity [The test is performed with pinhole refraction applied.] at0136::Usual corrected visual acuity [The test is performed with the patient's usual refractive correction i.e spectacles or contact lenses.] at0137::Best corrected visual acuity [The test is performed with the patient's optimal refractive correction.] at0139::Unaided visual acuity [The test was performed without visual aid.] Text , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0039], code=at0039, itemType=ELEMENT, level=4, text=Description, description=An overall narrative description of the visual acuity test result., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::117364006 \| Narrative value (qualifier value)], values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053], code=at0053, itemType=CLUSTER, level=4, text=Result details, description=Details of the visual field test result for each eye., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..2, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=1.., cardinalityText= (Cardinality: 1.., unordered), subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0007], code=at0007, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=Eye examined, description=The eye which is being examined., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=1..1, occurencesText=Mandatory, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0012::Left eye [The test result refers to the visual acuity of the left eye only.] [SNOMED-CT::362503005 \| Entire left eye (body structure)] at0013::Right eye [The test result refers to the visual acuity of the right eye only.] [SNOMED-CT::362502000 \| Entire right eye (body structure)] at0014::Both eyes simultaneously [Both eyes were examined simultaneously.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028], code=at0028, itemType=CLUSTER, level=5, text=Notation, description=Details of a visual acuity result recorded using one of the result notation formats., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=1.., cardinalityText= (Cardinality: 1.., unordered), subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0056], code=at0056, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=Metric Snellen, description=The distance test result, recorded in Snellen format expressed in metres, where 6/6 is regarded as normal., comment=Examples: '6/6, '6/12', '6/5', uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_PROPORTION, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity], values= Ratio Numerator: 1.0..6.0 Denominator: 4.0..60.0 Integral Assumed value: false , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0009], code=at0009, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=US Snellen, description=The distance test result, recorded as Snellen visual acuity expressed in feet, where 20/20 is regarded as normal., comment=Examples: '20/20' , '20/40', '20/18', uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_PROPORTION, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity], values= Ratio Numerator: 3.0..20.0 Denominator: 2.0..200.0 Integral Assumed value: false , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0057], code=at0057, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=Decimal Snellen, description=The distance test result,recorded as Sn ellen visual acuity expressed as a decimal ratio, where 1.0 is regarded as normal., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_PROPORTION, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity], values= Unitary Numerator: 0.0..2.0 Integral Assumed value: false , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0011], code=at0011, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=ETDRS Letters, description=Visual acuity expressed using ETDRS Letters format, with a value of 100 regarded as normal., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_COUNT, bindings=null, values=min: >=1; max: <=120 , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0046], code=at0046, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=logMar, description=The test result, recorded as logMar visual acuity, where a value of 0 is regarded as normal., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=C_DV_QUANTITY, bindings=null, values=Property: Qualified real Units: -0.5..2.0 Limit decimal places: 1, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0028]/items[at0015], code=at0015, itemType=ELEMENT, level=6, text=Low Vision Score, description=Graded scale used when patient has low levels of visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=C_DV_ORDINAL, bindings=null, values=1: at0016::NPL - No perception of light [The subject has no perception of light.] 2: at0017::PL - Perception of light [The subject can perceive light.] 3: at0018::HM - Hand movement [The subject can perceive hand movement.] 4: at0019::CF - Count fingers [The subject can count fingers.] [SNOMED-CT::422256009 \| Counts fingers - distance vision] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0059], code=at0059, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=Letter Termination Adjustment, description=A line termination adjustment score applied to the visual acuity result., comment=If the patient can read at least half of the chart line the visual acuity terminatin line is recorded as that line, with the number of letters missed on that line recorded as a negative Letter Termination Adjustment score. If the patient can read less than half of a Visual Acuity line, the previous line is recorded as the Visual Acuity result, with the number of letters seen on the following line recorded as a positive 'Letter Termination Adjustment' score., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_COUNT, bindings=null, values=min: >=-10; max: <=10 <br/>Assumed value0 , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0010], code=at0010, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=Derived Score, description=Visual acuity expressed as an integer score which is calculated from one or more of the other result notation formats. The original notation should be captured using 'Derived Score Original Notation' format'., comment=Details of the algorithm used and original result format may be recorded under 'Derived Score Methodology'., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_COUNT, bindings=null, values=min: >=0 , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0066], code=at0066, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=Interpretation, description=Clinical interpretation of all results for the test eye., comment=Example: 'Visual Acuity 20/20' or 'Jaeger 'J2' score'., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::363983007 \| Visual acuity (observable entity)], values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0055], code=at0055, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=No test result, description=No visual acuity test result is available for the test eye., comment=Record as True if the clinician was unable to record a result for the test eye., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_BOOLEAN, bindings=null, values=Allowed values: {true}, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0053]/items[at0140], code=at0140, itemType=ELEMENT, level=5, text=Reason for no test result, description=Reason why no visual acuity test result is available for the test eye., comment=For example, patient was not cooperative; patient was not 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text=Comment, description=Any additional narrative comment about the visual acuity test., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=[SNOMED-CT::117364006 \| Narrative value (qualifier value)], values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/data[at0001]/events[at0134]/data[at0003]/items[at0141], code=at0141, itemType=SLOT, level=4, text=Test not done, description=Details to explicitly record that this test was not performed., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:* openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.exclusion_exam.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null]], target=[], identities=[], items=[], 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distance (observable entity)], values=Property: Length Units: >=0.0 [ft_i] Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 m Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 cm Limit decimal places: 1 >=0.0 [in_i] Limit decimal places: 1 , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0023], code=at0023, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Method, description=The charting method used to measure visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0082::logMar chart [A logMar chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0083::Snellen chart [A Snellen chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::400913005 \| Snellen eye chart] at0084::ETDRS chart [An ETDRS chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::400914004 \| Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity chart (physical object)] at0109::Picture chart [A picture chart was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0096::Reduced logMar [A Reduced logMar chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] at0097::Reduced Snellen [A Reduced Snellen chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0098::Faculty of Ophthalmologists 'N' Score [Faculty of Ophthalmologists 'N' Score chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] at0099::Jaeger 'J' Score [A Jaeger 'J' Score chart was used to measure near visual acuity.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0021], code=at0021, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Optotype, description=The style of chart optotype used to assess visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0106::Letter [A letter optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0107::Orientation [An orientation optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] at0108::Picture [A picture optotype was used to measure distance visual acuity.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0022], code=at0022, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Chart Scoring Algorithm, description=The alogrithm used to determine the score., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0100::Single letter [A single letter algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] at0101::Whole line [A whole line algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] at0102::Last line single letter [A last line single letter algorithm was used to derive the visual acuity score.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0025], code=at0025, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Measurement Device Details, description=Details of the device used to measure visual acuity., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include: openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.device.v1 and specialisations, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0092], code=at0092, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Derived Score Original Notation, description=The original visual acuity result notation from which the Derived Score was calculated., comment=When the visual acuity result is recorded using a Derived Score, this element can be used to record the original notation format, so that it can be displayed using the original notation. , uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_CODED_TEXT, bindings=null, values= at0009::US Snellen [The distance test result, recorded as Snellen visual acuity expressed in feet, where 20/20 is regarded as normal. Examples: '20/20' , '20/40', '20/18'] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0056::Metric Snellen [The distance test result, recorded in Snellen format expressed in metres, where 6/6 is regarded as normal. Examples: '6/6, '6/12', '6/5'] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0057::Decimal Snellen [The distance test result,recorded as Sn ellen visual acuity expressed as a decimal ratio, where 1.0 is regarded as normal.] [SNOMED-CT::422673001 \| Snellen acuity] at0011::ETDRS Letters [Visual acuity expressed using ETDRS Letters format, with a value of 100 regarded as normal.] at0015::Low Vision Score [Graded scale used when patient has low levels of visual acuity.] at0046::logMar [The test result, recorded as logMar visual acuity, where a value of 0 is regarded as normal.] , extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0117], code=at0117, itemType=ELEMENT, level=2, text=Derived Score Algorithm, description=Details of the algorithm used to calculate a derived score., comment=null, uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0..1, occurencesText=Optional, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=DV_TEXT, bindings=null, values=, extendedValues=null], ResourceSimplifiedHierarchyItem [path=/protocol[at0020]/items[at0143], code=at0143, itemType=SLOT, level=2, text=Extension, description=Additional information required to capture local content or to align with other reference models/formalisms., comment=For example: local information requirements or additional metadata to align with FHIR or CIMI equivalents., uncommonOntologyItems=null, occurencesFormal=0.., occurencesText=Optional, repeating, cardinalityFormal=null, cardinalityText=null, subCardinalityFormal=null, subCardinalityText=null, dataType=CLUSTER, bindings=null, values=Include:* All not explicitly excluded archetypes, extendedValues=null]], minIndents={}, termBindingRetrievalErrorMessage=null]